家庭因素與大學生機車駕駛風格關聯性之研究 -以新竹市為例

Abstract

本研究採用問卷調查法，以家庭功能量表、五大人格特質量表與駕駛風格量表收集駕駛人的家庭功能、人格特質與駕駛風格資料，探討家庭與騎車風格之關係。將人格特質設為家庭功能與駕駛風格之間的中介變項，以路徑分析建構關聯性，並在新竹市六所大學收集408份有效問卷。背景資料分析結果顯示機車駕駛人之駕駛風格中，男性會顯著有較高的「魯莽與粗心」、「憤怒與敵意」此兩種駕駛風格，女性則顯著有較高的「焦慮」、「耐心與謹慎」此兩種駕駛風格。使用路徑分析去分析各種駕駛風格，可以發現家庭越是不投入時間於交通安全教育，則子女的駕駛風格會傾向「焦慮」、「魯莽與粗心」及「憤怒與敵意」此三種較為不良之駕駛風格；如能採取溝通、監督等方式教導子女，則可降低焦慮之駕駛風格；如能溝通、限制子女等方式教導子女，則可降低魯莽與粗心、憤怒與敵意之駕駛風格。人格特質內的友善性與嚴謹性，對耐心與謹慎的駕駛風格有正相關效果，顯示要使大學生謹慎騎車，應以教育(提高友善性)與加強法規(提高嚴謹性)來提升友善性與嚴謹性。

This study is concentrated on the relationships between family functioning and college motorcyclists' driving styles, using questionnaire survey. Family Climate for Road Safety Scale (FCRSS), the Big Five personality scale, and Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory (MDSI) were used to collect data of college motorcyclists' family functioning, personality, and driving styles. Personality was considered as a mediator of family functioning and driving style. 408 valid questionnaires were collected from 6 colleges in Hsinchu city. The results showed that male motorcyclists tend to have significantly higher “Reckless and careless driving style” and “Angry and hostile driving style”, and female motorcyclists tend to have significantly higher “Anxious driving style” and “Patient and careful driving style”. The path analysis (PA) was used to analyze driving style, revealing that if family do not commit to the education of young motorcyclists, their driving styles tend to be “Anxious”, “Angry and hostile driving style”, and “Reckless and careless driving style”. If a family uses “Communication” and “Monitor” to educate the young motorcyclists, they will eliminate the tendency of “anxious driving style”. If a family uses “Communication” and “Constraint” to educate the young motorcyclists, they will eliminate the tendency of “Reckless and careless driving style” and “Angry and hostile driving style”. “Agreeableness” and “Conscientiousness” in personality have a significant positive effect to“Patient and careful driving style”. This indicates that education and regulation recognition will promote young motorcyclists' tendency to drive more carefully.