跨國流動、媒介使用與認同：中國大陸台商第二代的分析

Abstract

本研究試圖了解中國大陸台商第二代的跨國移動與媒介使用行為，並分析其 流動的生活經驗與媒介經驗如何形塑其文化認同。 中國大陸是海外台灣人最多的地方，其人口結構也逐漸異質化。這群人隨全 球經濟再結構而移動，是檢視當代移民跨國主義(transnationalism)的極佳案例， 而兩岸的政治特殊性也使其文化認同備受學術界關注。媒介與認同是傳播研究的 重要主題，過去研究較少觸及台商在中國的媒介管制下如何使用媒體來獲取新聞 資訊與娛樂，並協商認同，對於第二代更缺乏系統性的探討。 本研究以中國大陸台商第二代為個案，從跨國主義觀點理解在人口與媒介兩 種流動的交會下，文化認同如何改變？我將採取質性研究的生命史訪談與媒介接 收分析，深度訪談居住於中國大陸與台灣的台商第二代共80 人，並進行五場焦 點團體訪談，地點包括台灣、北京與廈門，研究問題為： (一) 中國大陸台商第二代的移居模式與社交網絡有哪些類型？與第一代有何不 同？ (二) 他們在日常生活中使用哪些媒介工具與內容來獲取新聞與娛樂，並與參與哪 些社群媒介？他們的媒介使用有何異質性，受到哪些因素影響？ (三) 這群人的媒介經驗與生活經驗如何相互作用，並形塑其認同？ 本研究整合移民與媒介研究對跨國流動的分析，並為台商第二代建立理念類 型，具有理論與實務上的意義。

This study aims to understand transnational mobility and media use behaviors of second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China. It also analyzes how their mobile lived experiences and media experiences reshape their cultural identity. China receives the largest number of overseas Taiwanese population in the world. Increasingly, the demographic characteristics of this population are also becoming heterogeneous. Taiwanese people migrate to China as part of the restructuring of the global economy. Consequently, their migration becomes an interesting case to examine migrant transnationalism. Besides, the issue regarding these people’s cultural identity has drawn much attention from scholars, partly because of Taiwan’s special political relations with China. Although this population is well studied, there is a lack of investigation into how they use media for information and entertainment, particularly under media control in China. In addition, less attention is paid to the second-generation, who may show different patterns of media use and cultural identity from their parents. This research project studies second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China. It integrates transnationalism in migration and media studies and explores how people renegotiate their identities in the situations of physical mobility and media flows. Adopting life history and reception analysis in qualitative research, I will in-depth interview 80 second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China and conduct 5 focus group interviews in Taiwan, Beijing and Xiaman. My research questions include: (1) What are the ideal types of migration patterns and social networks of second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China? What are their differences from the first-generation? (2) How do second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China use media to receive news and entertainment, and what kinds of social media do they use in their everyday lives? Are there any variations among these people? What accounts for these variations? (3) How do lived experiences and media experiences of Taiwanese migrants to China interact with each other and reshape their cultural identities? This study is theoretically and empirically important. It integrates the analysis of transnational mobility in migration and media studies. Besides, it will construct the ideal types of second-generation Taiwanese migrants to China.