多種用途之電子化輸入輸出系統

Abstract

本文提供一個由萬用鍵盤，輸入輸出控制單元、及點列掃描輸出裝置構成之多種用途輸入輸出系統，以利點子化之資料登錄、處理、及表報。輸入輸出資料可為中文、外文字母、特殊符號、或三者之混和。 輸入時，操作員將中文字依簡單之法則分解成字元序，然後由鍵盤以字元鍵按入；外文字母及特殊符號則直接以符號鍵按入。輸入控制單元對按入之鍵碼採相應之措施，並將字元鍵碼序或符號鍵碼轉換成固定長度之字碼，然後累積於應用程式指定之輸入緩衝區，一俟整行之資料由鍵盤輸入完畢，引起該輸入行動之應用程式即可由輸入緩衝區取得以字碼方式表示之輸入資料也。 輸出時，文字及符號資料均由應用程式以字碼之方式置於輸出緩衝區，然後輸出控制單元將之轉換成字形點矩陣，並置放於字形輸出處。此時若輸出工具為逐字式之點陣印刷機或螢幕顯示器，則該字形可立即被印出或顯現。或輸出工具為逐列式之點陣印刷機，則俟整行之字形已全部置放妥當後始成排印出。印出之字體可事先選擇，一行字之大小更可由程式任意放大，並可以直式或橫式印行。字與字間，行與行間之距離亦可由程式任意調整。 本系統擬涵蓋之中文字為8,532字，外加256個符號（包括外文字母、阿拉伯數字、標點符號、以及特殊符號等），由於本系統容許操作員由鍵盤造字或設符號，故實際能涵蓋之中文字及符號當不止此數。

A general-purpose input/output system to facilitate computerized data entry, processing and report is described. This system consists of an innovative keyboard, an input/output control unit, and a dot raster output device. Input/output data could be Chinese words, alphanumerical characters, special symbols, or a mixture of them. During input phase, Chinese words are decomposed into sequences of components and entered via component keys; alphanumerical characters or special symbols are entered via graphic keys. The input control unit converts the entered keycodes into internal codes and accumulates them in the input buffer. As soon as a record of data is input, the suspended application program which caused the input operation can be resumed, and the internal codes in the input buffer are now avaliable to that program. During output phase, data are placed in the output buffer by application program in the form of internal codes. The output control unit then converts them into dot patterns and places them into the printer buffer, one by one. If the output device is a serial printer or a display unit, each dot pattern is printed or displayed at once. If the output device is a line printer, then the whole line of dot patterns will be arranged before they are output. The style of ideographic pattern can be selected in advance, the size and lettering of dot patterns can be controlled, and the word spacing and line spacing can also be adjusted. This system convers at least 8532 Chinese words, in addition to 256 graphic symbols（including alphanumerical characters, punctuation marks and special symbols）. Since new Chinese words or graphics can be defined through keyboard, this system can accomodate much more Chinese words and graphics.